Event--related desynchronization in diffusively coupled oscillator models

We seek explanation for the neurophysiological phenomenon of event related desynchronization (ERD) by using models of diffusively coupled nonlinear oscillators. We demonstrate that when the strength of the event is sufficient, ERD is found to emerge and the accomplishment of a behavioral/functional task is determined by the nature of the desynchronized state. We illustrate the phenomenon for the case of limit cycle and chaotic systems. We numerically demonstrate the occurrence of ERD and provide analytical explanation. We also discuss possible applications of the observed phenomenon in real physical systems other than the brain.Comment: Accepted in Physical Review Letter

UKRAINIAN SOCIETY´S POLITICAL CULTURE: ANALYTICAL EXCURSION

The article is devoted to the current situation in Ukrainian society´s political culture, where there are several segments that give grounds for a statement about the fragmentary type of political culture. First, it focuses on foreign experience, in particular in countries of Europe and America. Absolutizing their experience is not enough to shape democratic values in Ukrainian society.Keywords: policy, political culture, citizens, tolerance

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МЕДИЧНОЇ ЕТИКИ ТА ДЕОНТОЛОГІЇ

The article presents the features of medical ethics and deontology, as well as the principles that must be known and followed by nurses.У статті наведено особливості медичної етики і деонтології, а також принципи,які необхідно знати і дотримуватися медичним сестрам

СИНТЕЗ ФІЛОСОФІЇ ТА МЕДИЦИНИ: ВИНИКНЕННЯ БІОЕТИЧНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ у МЕДИЦИНІ, АНАЛІЗ ФІЛОСОФІЇ ТА МЕДИЦИНИ НА ОСНОВІ ЇХ СПІВПРАЦІ І ВЗАЄМОЗБАГАЧЕННЯ

The article deals with the new synthesis of philosophy and medicine related to the theorizing of medicine and the emergence of a whole range of bioethical problems.У статті розглянуто новий синтез філософії та медицини, пов’язаний із теоретизацією медицини і виникненням цілого спектра біоетичних проблем

Relationships between changes in parameters of the manual function and electroencephalogram, heart rate variability as well as gas discharge visualization in children with spastic cerebral palsy caused by the Kozyavkin method

Introduction. It was reported earlier that in children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy (SFCP) after two-week course of rehabilitation by the Kozyavkin method the neural component of muscle tone (NCMT) was reduced in 79,3% cases, while in 13,8% cases changes were not detected and in 2 children even increased. It was assumed that such a variety of changes in NCMT is due to differently directed changes in the background activity of the nerve centers. Objectives. To analyse the relationships between changes (Ch) in NCMT as well as manual functional tests on the one hand, and parameters of EEG, HRV and Gas Discharge Visualization (GDV) on the other one. Material and Methods. The object of observations were 14 children (6 girls and 8 boys) aged 8÷15 years with SFCP. The state of motor development at GMFCS was on II÷IV level. The functional status of the hand with MACS was on II÷III level. The estimation of hand function was carried out by Dynamometry (D), Box and Block Test (B&B) and Nine Hole Peg Test (NHP). NCMT was also registered by the device ‘NeuroFlexor’ (Aggero MedTech AB, Sweden), HRV and EEG were tested simultaneosly by the hardware-software complex ‘Cardiolab+VSR’ and ‘NeuroCom Standard’ respectively (KhAI Medica, Kharkiv, Ukraine) as well as GDV by ‘GDV Chamber’ (‘Biotechprogress’, St-Pb, RF). Results. After two-week course of rehabilitation NCMT was reduced in 9 children from 19,8 ± 3,4 to 12,3 ± 2,8 Newtons (Ch: -7,5 ± 2,0 N), in 3 children NCMT was 8,2 ± 3,3 before and 7,9 ± 3,5 after rehabilitation (Ch: -0,3 ± 0,3 N) while in one girl NCMT increased from 15,1 to 17,9 N and in one boy from 6,1 to 19,4 N. Manual functional tests also changed ambiguously. The Ch in NCMT are correlated with Ch in parameters HRV&EEG (R2=0,786) as well as GDV (R2=0,556). The Ch in functional tests for the left hand are correlated with Ch in parameters HRV&EEG to the stronger extent (R2=0,931) and for the right hand the correlation is maximal (R2=0,997). As to GDV parameters, connections are weaker but they are also stronger for the right hand. Conclusion. In children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy caused by the Kozyavkin method, changes in manual functional tests and the neural component of the muscle tone are determined by changes in parameters of EEG and HRV as well as GDV which is a completely suitable non-invasive method for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation

ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ МІСТ-СУПУТНИКІВ У ЗАХІДНОМУ РЕГІОНІ УКРАЇНИ ДЛЯ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ ТЕХНОГЕННОМУ ПЕРЕВАНТАЖЕННЮ

The problems of cities associated with further urbanization and methods to minimize this impact are solved in this article .It is necessary to solve the following question: find the appropriate direction or pattern of the city, offer this scheme of the transport network and optimal traffic. The proposed general plan expansion of development will lead to further traffic congestion road network and the corresponding increase of the negative impact of environmental factors. The development of cities that are on international highways within a radius of 50 km from the city, save the town from the negative effects and will give impetus to the development of small settlements.В статті розглянуто проблеми міст, що пов’язані із урбанізацією,та запропоновано методи для мінімізації цього впливу. Необхідно вирішити такі питання: віднайти відповідний напрям чи схему розвитку міста, запропонувати для цього варіанту схему транспортної мережі та оптимальну організацію дорожнього руху. Запропоноване генпланом розширення території забудови призведе до подальшого перевантаження транспортом вулично-дорожньої мережі та відповідно збільшення негативного впливу від екологічних факторів. Розвиток міст, що знаходяться на міжнародних магістралях в радіусі 50 км від Львова, позбавить місто від негативних наслідків та дасть поштовх у розвитку малих населених міст, що зараз знаходяться у занедбаному стані

Delay-induced Synchronization Phenomena in an Array of Globally Coupled Logistic Maps

We study the synchronization of a linear array of globally coupled identical logistic maps. We consider a time-delayed coupling that takes into account the finite velocity of propagation of the interactions. We find globally synchronized states in which the elements of the array evolve along a periodic orbit of the uncoupled map, while the spatial correlation along the array is such that an individual map sees all other maps in his present, current, state. For values of the nonlinear parameter such that the uncoupled maps are chaotic, time-delayed mutual coupling suppress the chaotic behavior by stabilizing a periodic orbit which is unstable for the uncoupled maps. The stability analysis of the synchronized state allows us to calculate the range of the coupling strength in which global synchronization can be obtained.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, changed content, added reference

Extreme Sensitivity to Detuning for Globally Coupled Phase Oscillators

Peter Ashwin, Oleksandr Burylko, Yuri Maistrenko, and Oleksandr Popovych, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, p. 054102 (2006). "Copyright © 2006 by the American Physical Society."We discuss the sensitivity of a population of coupled oscillators to differences in their natural frequencies, i.e., to detuning. We argue that for three or more oscillators, one can get great sensitivity even if the coupling is strong. For N globally coupled phase oscillators we find there can be bifurcation to extreme sensitivity, where frequency locking can be destroyed by arbitrarily small detuning. This extreme sensitivity is absent for N=2, appears at isolated parameter values for N=3 and N=4, and can appear robustly for open sets of parameter values for ≥ 5 oscillators

Caused by Kozyavkin© method changes in hand function parameters in children with spastic form of cerebral palsy and their EEGs, HRVs and GDVs accompaniments

Background. Earlier we reported that in children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy (SFCP) after two-week course of rehabilitation by Kozyavkin© method the hand function tests changed ambiguously and such a variety of changes is due to differently directed changes in the background activity of the nerve centers. Aime: to identify the peculiarities of changes in the parameters of EEG, HRV and GDV in children with favorable and unfavorable changes in the parameters of the functions of the hands. Material and research methods. The object of observations were 14 children (6 girls and 8 boys) aged 8÷15 years with SFCP. State motor development at GMFCS was on II÷IV level. Functional status of the hand with MACS was at II÷III level. The estimation of hand function carried out by Dynamometry (D), Box and Block Test (BB) and Nine Hole Peg Test (NHP). We registered also components of muscular tone by device “NeuroFlexor” (Aggero MedTech AB, Sweden), HRV and EEG parameters simultaneosly by hardware-software complex “Cardiolab+VSR” and “NeuroCom Standard” respectively (KhAI Medica, Kharkiv, Ukraine) as well as GDV parameters by “GDV Chamber” (“Biotechprogress”, St-Pb, RF). Results. The method of cluster analysis retrospectively highlighted two distinct groups-clusters. In 9 children, rehabilitation led to favorable changes in the parameters of the function of the hands, while in 3 children they turned out to be unfavorable. The method of discriminant analysis revealed that unfavorable changes are accompanied by a decrease in the asymmetry of the θ- and δ-rhythms, the spectral power density (SPD) of β-rhythm in loci F8 and Fp1, instead, it increases in loci O1 and T3, leading to left-sided lateralization of the β-rhythm. At the same time, the SPD of the α-rhythm in locus O1 and the θ-rhythm in locus F4 rises as well as its Deviation. These changes in the EEG are accompanied by a reduction in vagalis and an increase in sympathetic tones. Among the GDVs parameters, an increase in the area of the GD Image in the frontal projection, coupled with a decrease in its Entropy in the frontal and left projections, was found. Instead, favorable changes in the parameters of the hand function are accompanied by opposite changes in the listed EEGs, HRVs and GDVs parameters or their absence. Conclusion. Among 14 observed children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy caused by Kozyavkin© method changes in functional tests of hand are favorable in 11. Adverse changes in 3 children are accompanied by characteristic changes in a number of EEGs, HRVs and GDVs parameters, which in the long run will be corrected by electrostimulation of the corresponding nervous structures